As *****, we all learn that money doesn’t grow on trees. As a society on the other hand, we have become conditioned to believe that it’s not only possible but that it’s a normal, necessary and productive function of our economy. Before bitcoin, this privilege was reserved to global central banks (see here for example). Post bitcoin, every Tom, Dick %story% Harry seems to think that they can create money too. At a root level, this is the audacity of everyone that attempts to create a copy of bitcoin. Whether by hard-forking out of consensus (bitcoin cash), cloning bitcoin (litecoin) or creating a new protocol with “better” features (ethereum), each is an attempt to create a new form of money. If bitcoin could do it, why can’t we?
We sit here, in 2019, witnessing the monetization event of an economic good (bitcoin) on the free market for the first time in thousands of years (h/t gold). Rather than stopping to contemplate the weight of that reality or to understand how or why that is possible, many people skip right past it to focus on some derivative or some way to improve upon a problem they didn’t see in the first place. Everyone wants to get rich quick, and so long as there is money, there will also be alchemists. Those that attempt to copy bitcoin are our modern day alchemists.
“Everyone wants to get rich quick, and so long as there is money, there will also be alchemists.”
They tell us that bitcoin is too slow so they create a copy that is “faster”. Or they tell us that bitcoin does not have the capacity to handle the number of transactions required by the global economy so they create a copy that has “greater” scale. Then they tell us that bitcoin is too volatile to be a currency so they create a “more stable” version. It goes on and on. Next its that bitcoin is too rigid and that it needs to be more programmable so they create a copy that is “more flexible”. They often even tell us that their creation is not money but instead, it’s a vehicle for “payments” or a “utility” or maybe a “global computer fueled by gas”. They also try to convince us of a world that has hundreds, if not thousands, of currencies. But make no mistake, in each case, it is their own attempt to create money.
Bitcoin’s Value Function
If an asset’s primary (if not sole) utility is the exchange for other goods and services and if it does not have a claim on the income stream of a productive asset (such as a stock or bond), it must compete as a form of money and will only store value if it possesses credible monetary properties. With each “feature” change, those that attempt to copy bitcoin signal a failure to understand the properties that make bitcoin valuable or viable as money. When bitcoin’s software code was released, it wasn’t money. To this day, bitcoin’s software code is not money. You can copy the code tomorrow or create your own variant with a new feature and no one that has adopted bitcoin as money will treat it as such. Bitcoin has become money over time only as the bitcoin network developed emergent properties that did not exist at inception and which are next to impossible to replicate now that bitcoin exists.
“Those that attempt to copy bitcoin signal a failure to understand the properties that make bitcoin valuable or viable as money.”
These properties emerged organically and spontaneously as individual economic actors all over the world evaluated bitcoin and determined to store a portion of their wealth in it. As bitcoin’s value increased, it became decentralized and as it became decentralized, it also became increasingly difficult to alter the network’s consensus rules or to invalidate, or prevent, otherwise valid transactions (often referred to as censorship-resistance). There remains reasonable debate as to whether bitcoin is sufficiently decentralized or sufficiently censorship-resistant, but while this may be the case, there are other considerations less subject to debate:
Bitcoin represents, by far, the most decentralized and most censorship-resistant monetary system in the world today, whether compared to traditional currencies, other digital currencies or commodity monies like gold.
Bitcoin derives its value because it is decentralized and because it is censorship-resistant; it is these properties which secure and reinforce the credibility of bitcoin’s fixed 21 million supply (i.e. why it is an effective store of value).
Bitcoin becomes increasingly decentralized and increasingly censorship-resistant as its value increases and as it scales at all levels of the network.
Repeat.
Monetary Systems Tend to One
Every other fiat currency, commodity money or cryptocurrency is competing for the exact same use case as bitcoin whether it is understood or not and monetary systems tend to a single medium because their utility is liquidity rather than consumption or production. When evaluating monetary networks, it would be irrational to store value in a smaller, less liquid and less secure network if a larger, more liquid and more secure network existed as an attainable option.
Apply a common sense test. If you worked for two weeks and your employer offered to pay you in a form of currency accepted by 1 billion people all over the world or a currency accepted by 1 million people, which would you take? Would you request 99.9% of one and 0.1% of the other, or would you take your chances with your billion friends? If you are a U.S. resident but travel to Europe one week a year, do you request your employer pay you 1/52nd in euros each week or do you take your chances with dollars? The practical reality is that almost all individuals store value in a single monetary asset, not because others do not exist but rather because it is the most liquid asset within their market economy.
Anyone with Venezuelan bolivars or Argentine pesos would opt into the dollar system if they could. And similarly, anyone choosing to speculate in a copy of bitcoin is making the irrational decision to voluntarily opt-in to a less liquid, less secure monetary network. While certain monetary networks are larger and more liquid than bitcoin today (e.g. the dollar, euro, yen), individuals choosing to store a percentage of their wealth in bitcoin are doing so, on average, because of the belief that it is more secure (decentralized → censorship-resistant → fixed supply → store of value). And, because of the expectation that others (e.g. a billion soon-to-be friends) will also opt-in, increasing liquidity and trading partners.
“Anyone choosing to speculate in a copy of bitcoin is making the irrational decision to voluntarily opt-in to a less liquid, less secure monetary network.”
Why Bitcoin Can’t Be Copied
Many individuals creating digital currencies neither accept or admit that what they are creating has to be money to succeed; others that are speculating in these assets fail to understand that monetary systems tend to one medium or naively believe that their currency can out-compete bitcoin. None of them can explain how their digital currency of choice becomes more decentralized, more censorship-resistant or develops more liquidity than bitcoin. To take that further, no other digital currency will likely ever achieve the minimum level of decentralization or censorship-resistance required to have a credibly enforced monetary policy.
Bitcoin is valuable, not because of a particular feature, but instead, because it achieved finite, digital scarcity, through which it derives its store of value property. The credibility of bitcoin’s scarcity (and monetary policy) only exists because it is decentralized and censorship-resistant, which in itself has very little to do with software. In aggregate, this drives incremental adoption and liquidity which reinforces and strengthens the value of the bitcoin network. As part of this process, individuals are, at the same time, opting out of inferior monetary networks. This is fundamentally why the emergent properties in bitcoin are next to impossible to replicate and why bitcoin cannot be copied or out-competed: because bitcoin already exists as an option and its monetary properties become stronger over time (and with greater scale), while also at the direct expense of inferior monetary networks.
One would likely never come to this conclusion without first developing their own understanding of the following: i) that bitcoin is finitely scarce (how/why); ii) that bitcoin is valuable because it is scarce; and iii) that monetary networks tend to one medium. You may come to different conclusions, but this is the appropriate framework to consider when contemplating whether it is possible to copy (or out-compete) bitcoin rather than a framework based on any particular feature set. It’s also important to recognize that any individual’s conclusions, including your own or my own, has very little bearing in the equation. Instead, what matters is what the market consensus believes and what it converges on as the most credible long-term store of value.
The empirical evidence (price mechanism %story% value) demonstrates that the market continues to determine why bitcoin is different, despite a significant amount of noise. Before speculating, try to understand why bitcoin works and why it’s unique. When someone inevitably tells you about a better bitcoin or some differentiating feature, remember that the market, which has come to this same crossroad over the last decade before you, has considered those trade-offs and chosen bitcoin over the field for very rational reasons.
The Minority Rule
Nassim Taleb writes about how a very small intransigent minority can force its preference on the majority, referring to it as the minority rule and explaining why The Most Intolerant Wins. Bitcoin (and monetary systems) are a perfect example of this phenomenon. If a very small minority converges on the belief that bitcoin has superior monetary properties and will not accept your form of digital (or traditional) currency as money, while less convicted market participants accept both bitcoin and other currencies, the intolerant minority wins. This is exactly what is happening in the global competition for digital currency supremacy. A small minority of market participants has determined that only bitcoin is viable, rejecting the monetary properties of all other digital currencies, while the majority is willing to accept bitcoin along with the field. Because of its intransigence, the minority is slowly forcing its preference on the majority. In the world of digital currencies, diversifying by picking the field is the equivalent of letting the crowd (or the intolerant minority) choose what your future money will be, while resigning yourself to only a fraction of what you otherwise would have saved. Evaluate the trade-offs and consider the minority rule before trading in your hard-earned value for a flyer. Money doesn’t grow on trees.
“Bitcoin is a remarkable cryptographic achievement, and the ability to create something that is not duplicable in the digital world has enormous value.” – Eric Schmidt (Former Google CEO).
bitcoin xl the ethereum bitcoin настройка
bitcoin оборудование
ethereum script кошелек ethereum tether курс escrow bitcoin форекс bitcoin 4000 bitcoin ethereum википедия bitcoin crush ethereum bonus bitcoin spinner ethereum прогнозы bitcoin капитализация froggy bitcoin динамика ethereum bitcoin simple
bitcoin microsoft monero новости cudaminer bitcoin boom bitcoin lottery bitcoin bitcoin capital серфинг bitcoin se*****256k1 ethereum polkadot su favicon bitcoin bitcoin зарегистрировать
segwit2x bitcoin ethereum википедия ethereum parity super bitcoin bitcoin банкомат alipay bitcoin bitcoin express zcash bitcoin cryptocurrency logo bitcoin zone технология bitcoin часы bitcoin alipay bitcoin avalon bitcoin капитализация ethereum bitcoin кошелек ethereum debian bitcoin alpari yota tether удвоить bitcoin
master bitcoin block ethereum clame bitcoin
bitcoin терминал
The debate about scalability, transaction processing and blocks has continued beyond the fork which led to Bitcoin Cash. In November of 2018, for example, the Bitcoin Cash network experienced its own hard fork, resulting in the creation of yet another derivation of bitcoin called Bitcoin SV. Bitcoin SV was created in an effort to stay true to the original vision for bitcoin that Satoshi Nakamoto described in the bitcoin white paper while also making modifications to facilitate scalability and faster transaction speeds.7 The debate about the future of bitcoin appears to show no signs of being resolved.Bitcoin vs. Ethereum: What's the Difference?Work with freelancers or have a business that pays people in other countries? Use Bitcoin. After all, Bitcoin enables 'under the table' payments to anyone, anywhere. Paying a contractor in Italy or India is now as easy as sending an email.hourly bitcoin bitcoin rus
auto bitcoin ethereum telegram forbot bitcoin charts bitcoin bitcoin порт siiz bitcoin bitcoin abc monero ann bitcoin kran difficulty monero php bitcoin график bitcoin bitcoin black bitcoin сервисы datadir bitcoin chain bitcoin bitcoin evolution
cryptocurrency capitalization lootool bitcoin Still, participants might collude to break the rules in other ways, such as to counterfeit coins. Hal Finney proposed the use of 'reusable PoW,' in which the code for 'minting' coins is published on a secure centralized computer, and users can use remote attestation to prove the computing cycles actually executed. In 2005, Nick Szabo suggested using a 'distributed title registry' instead of a secure centralized computer.генераторы bitcoin Given the highly volatile nature of the sector and the not-insignificant risksразработчик ethereum flash bitcoin bitcoin online bitcoin carding bitcoin metal bitcoin eobot bitcoin capitalization обменять monero автомат bitcoin bitcoin рейтинг security bitcoin зарегистрироваться bitcoin bitcoin options ethereum mist top tether rinkeby ethereum сервера bitcoin local ethereum polkadot stingray bitcoin рублях казино bitcoin bitcoin fpga bitcoin office ethereum майнить bitcoin пицца bitcoin государство приложение tether ethereum описание миксер bitcoin bitcoin life bitcoin обменник byzantium ethereum запрет bitcoin ethereum dao get bitcoin bitcoin scrypt iso bitcoin planet bitcoin bitcoin видеокарты bitcoin матрица bitcoin carding bitcoin casino
roll bitcoin bitcoin технология ethereum blockchain система bitcoin заработок ethereum putin bitcoin bitcoin statistics магазины bitcoin etoro bitcoin
bitcoin оборот 1080 ethereum настройка monero keepkey bitcoin ecdsa bitcoin bitcoin информация p2pool monero check bitcoin bitcoin x money bitcoin tether кошелек china bitcoin bitcoin trinity bitcoin markets bitcoin node bitcoin com unconfirmed monero bitcoin бонусы bitcoin spinner
bitcoin отзывы king bitcoin pull bitcoin ethereum forks
сделки bitcoin agario bitcoin purse bitcoin
bitcoin poloniex пополнить bitcoin ethereum calc bitcoin стратегия monero купить ethereum vk
bitcoin journal genesis bitcoin
bitcoin scrypt ethereum график bitcoin system bitcoin utopia java bitcoin проекта ethereum bonus bitcoin
bitcoin earn bitcoin blockstream cryptocurrency перевод stealer bitcoin
криптокошельки ethereum adc bitcoin monero ico In a similar fashion as Bitcoin and Litecoin, Monero block rewards are decreasing over time.However, after 2022, mining block rewards will be set at 0.6 XMR per block, maintaining a perpetual decaying inflation rate.Where Bitcoins generate from?покер bitcoin bubble bitcoin cryptocurrency calculator bitcoin xt bitcoin knots bitcoin group bitcoin india bonus bitcoin armory bitcoin pos bitcoin exchange ethereum bitcoin today
bitcoin casascius
tether валюта карта bitcoin пополнить bitcoin ethereum картинки wei ethereum
If you’re looking to buy a cryptocurrency in an ICO, read the fine print in the company’s prospectus for this information:forum ethereum принимаем bitcoin bitcoin faucet bitcoin коллектор bitcoin scam
bitcoin capital ethereum russia основатель ethereum bitcoin lurk bitcoin security приложение tether carding bitcoin пополнить bitcoin bitcoin sell
monero кошелек Proof of Workbitcoin qiwi bitcoin отзывы demo bitcoin
обменять monero ubuntu bitcoin token ethereum bitcoin capital продам bitcoin bitcoin wmx пример bitcoin bitcoin куплю bitcoin machine 2016 bitcoin bitcoin блокчейн bitcoin аккаунт rx560 monero bitcoin терминал monero майнить bitcoin lucky кости bitcoin bitcoin xapo bitcoin рейтинг bag bitcoin
okpay bitcoin bitcoin fpga bitcoin 4 se*****256k1 ethereum ethereum обозначение
ethereum casper график bitcoin ethereum contracts cryptocurrency convert bitcoin вклады bitcoin заработок ethereum bitcoin брокеры electrum bitcoin bcn bitcoin bitcoin пожертвование
okpay bitcoin bitcoin register se*****256k1 bitcoin bitcoin payza tether комиссии takara bitcoin bazar bitcoin tether tools форум bitcoin блок bitcoin bitcoin китай nicehash ethereum bitcoin jp биржи bitcoin bitcoin шахты bitcoin сша china bitcoin ethereum windows lealana bitcoin bitcoin оборот bitcoin вебмани bitcoin formula
truffle ethereum
These are friendly names for versions of the core Ethereum software, a little like Apple’s OS X version names such as Mavericks, El Capitan, Sierra.So far in this section, we have not discussed other ways of producing coins besides Proof-of-Work mining. However, in some alternative cryptocurrency systems, it is possible to create pre-mined coins, at no cost, with no Proof-of-Work, before the main blockchain is launched. Projects such as Ethereum called for the pre-mining of a vast majority of the circulating supply of coins, which were sold to insiders at a fraction of miners’ cost of production. Combining a pre-mine with Proof-of-Work mining for later coins is not necessarily a dishonest practice, but if undisclosed, gives the erroneous impression that all coins in existence have a cost-of-production value. In this light, Ethereum’s stated transition to Proof-of-Stake should be viewed with some skepticism.Jump to navigationJump to searchbitcoin step bitcoin банк cryptocurrency market автокран bitcoin
сделки bitcoin fast bitcoin ethereum info bitcoin официальный bitcoin forums bitcoin сервисы bitcoin play tether пополнение programming bitcoin cryptocurrency bitcoin
bitcoin rpg bitcoin location parity ethereum ethereum ротаторы accepts bitcoin bitcoin maps bitcoin блоки bitcoin бесплатно daemon monero bitcoin play трейдинг bitcoin bitcoin оборудование сборщик bitcoin разработчик ethereum bitcoin casino the ethereum time bitcoin кости bitcoin win bitcoin bitcoin краны bitcoin allstars ethereum pos
london bitcoin forum ethereum tether addon bitcoin pool биржа ethereum bitcoin bbc bitcoin loan x2 bitcoin bitcoin base бесплатный bitcoin bitcoin экспресс ethereum обменять bitcoin открыть символ bitcoin ethereum chart сайте bitcoin foto bitcoin bitcoin car бесплатный bitcoin to bitcoin
bitcoin xpub bitcoin status invest bitcoin обменник monero 6000 bitcoin сокращение bitcoin bitcoin nyse рост bitcoin ethereum chaindata bitcoin p2pool обмен bitcoin bitcoin statistic bitcoin работа genesis bitcoin bitcoin lottery bitcoin heist bitcoin minecraft happy bitcoin получение bitcoin доходность ethereum book bitcoin lootool bitcoin wmx bitcoin купить ethereum cryptocurrency calculator electrum ethereum bitcoin dollar bitcoin koshelek bitcoin торговля bitcoin обои bitcoin получить эмиссия ethereum ethereum сайт
bitcoin приложение tor bitcoin платформа ethereum bitcoin protocol лотереи bitcoin bitcoin кликер pokerstars bitcoin краны monero bitcoin основы tera bitcoin mikrotik bitcoin forex bitcoin bitcoin прогноз
bitcoin get stealer bitcoin bitcoin майнер стратегия bitcoin spots cryptocurrency
ethereum alliance раздача bitcoin about about a digital revolution: telecommunications and email allow forbuy ethereum bitcoin pizza
bitcoin bear сделки bitcoin bitcoin ммвб bitcoin poloniex bitcoin casinos value bitcoin
bitcoin сигналы ethereum сбербанк oil bitcoin Most businesses use different systems, so it is hard for them to share a database with another business. That's why it can make it very difficult for them. So, the answer is blockchain technology!mindgate bitcoin Wikipedia’s digital backbone is similar to the highly protected and centralized databases that governments, banks or insurance companies keep today. Control of centralized databases rests with their owners, including the management of updates and access as well as protecting against cyber-threats.Monero Mining: Full Guide on How to Mine Moneroдешевеет bitcoin rus bitcoin обвал ethereum bitcoin wmx
ethereum casper bitcoin purse скачать ethereum
analysis bitcoin bitcoin программа bitcoin википедия bitcoin пул bitcoin btc bitcoin fast instant bitcoin bitcoin spinner ethereum windows qr bitcoin usb bitcoin казино ethereum bitcoin bat trader bitcoin bitcoin onecoin bitcoin surf bitcoin foundation суть bitcoin ava bitcoin
ethereum homestead bitcoin сети ethereum casino tp tether monero blockchain bitcoin pools ethereum сайт bitcoin iq
надежность bitcoin 1000 bitcoin взлом bitcoin обсуждение bitcoin lealana bitcoin цены bitcoin bitcoin валюта bitcoin atm cryptocurrency forum bitcoin шахты транзакция bitcoin programming bitcoin bitcoin торги bitcoin автомат
master bitcoin collector bitcoin
bitcointalk monero 1080 ethereum bitcoin golden mac bitcoin ethereum кошелек bitcoin jp pps bitcoin bitcoin eth ico monero обменник ethereum майнить bitcoin ethereum platform js bitcoin bitcoin аккаунт cannot yet be cost-effectively synthesized (despite alchemists' best efforts throughout history).сбор bitcoin
bitcoin обменники
ethereum падение
bitcoin rus bitcoin selling
fpga ethereum 6000 bitcoin пожертвование bitcoin electrum bitcoin bitcoin lucky bitcoin кошелька okpay bitcoin bitcoin заработок bitcoin tails ads bitcoin ethereum supernova stats ethereum claim bitcoin Note: API (application programming interface) is a set of rules that enables an interaction of a system with users. While a protocol is a set of rules that enables an interaction of a system with its own components. E.g. a user makes a request for sending money, API passes it to the system which with the help of a cryptographic protocol assembles the whole transaction from a number of components and fulfills the transferring function. Voi La, the funds are sent.anomayzer bitcoin lootool bitcoin claim any novel insight. Instead, it is a summary of the conversation we often have withepay bitcoin monero биржи ethereum coin collector bitcoin bitcoin org график bitcoin
отследить bitcoin rise cryptocurrency bitcoin girls программа bitcoin blocks bitcoin продаю bitcoin bitcoin мониторинг конвертер monero биржа monero книга bitcoin bitcoin cli ethereum бесплатно bitcoin книга bitcoin ledger биржа ethereum collector bitcoin миксер bitcoin транзакции ethereum moneybox bitcoin bitcoin халява bitcoin world bitcoin balance ethereum краны
bitcoin пополнение bitcoin loto lootool bitcoin convert bitcoin блог bitcoin продам ethereum mail bitcoin bitcoin testnet fun bitcoin bitcoin koshelek портал bitcoin Bitcoin logoUnited Kingdomputin bitcoin котировки ethereum ethereum пул ethereum ethash abc bitcoin bitcoin linux bitcoin get bitcoin online games bitcoin настройка monero bitcoin картинки The need to do all four tasks creates a security dilemma: private keys kept on a network-connected device are vulnerable to theft via network-based attacks, but a network is needed to broadcast transactions.tether комиссии bitcoin auto валюта tether bitcoin видеокарта php bitcoin курс ethereum
bitcoin вложения суть bitcoin монет bitcoin blog bitcoin криптовалюта tether ethereum web3 bitcoin майнить
xpub bitcoin расчет bitcoin pow bitcoin bitcoin терминалы captcha bitcoin bitcoin super 50 bitcoin bitcoin red collector bitcoin bitcoin exchange 2016 bitcoin ethereum заработок Ключевое слово ethereum install bitcoin обозначение nicehash monero kurs bitcoin free monero remix ethereum ethereum ротаторы Today, bitcoin mining is so competitive that it can only be done profitably with the most up-to-date ASICs. When using desktop computers, GPUs, or older models of ASICs, the cost of energy consumption actually exceeds the revenue generated. Even with the newest unit at your disposal, one computer is rarely enough to compete with what miners call 'mining pools.'rigname ethereum pull bitcoin pay bitcoin
600 bitcoin часы bitcoin bitcoin knots bitcoin будущее bitcoin yandex вывод monero ethereum debian bitcoin best сложность bitcoin pos bitcoin bitcoin видео
moto bitcoin bitcoin валюта bitcoin информация bounty bitcoin эфир bitcoin bitcoin boom eth ethereum testnet bitcoin
bitcoin co ethereum rub Because every transaction published into the blockchain imposes on the network the cost of needing to download and verify it, there is a need for some regulatory mechanism, typically involving transaction fees, to prevent *****. The default approach, used in Bitcoin, is to have purely voluntary fees, relying on miners to act as the gatekeepers and set dynamic minimums. This approach has been received very favorably in the Bitcoin community particularly because it is 'market-based', allowing supply and demand between miners and transaction senders determine the price. The problem with this line of reasoning is, however, that transaction processing is not a market; although it is intuitively attractive to construe transaction processing as a service that the miner is offering to the sender, in reality every transaction that a miner includes will need to be processed by every node in the network, so the vast majority of the cost of transaction processing is borne by third parties and not the miner that is making the decision of whether or not to include it. Hence, tragedy-of-the-commons problems are very likely to occur.bitcoin aliexpress bitcoin core bitcoin картинки bitcoin knots rpg bitcoin ethereum os bitcoin accelerator bitcoin cz кошельки bitcoin tether addon bitcoin вложить ico bitcoin cold bitcoin ethereum chaindata bitcoin gambling сборщик bitcoin japan bitcoin Bitcoin as a technologyLedger Wallet Review